In the context of MySQL databases, which of the following is best described as “plaintext” output containing a re-usable set of MySQL data?
- MySQL dump
Which of the following file extensions are associated specifically with MyISAM tables?
- .MYD
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following tools can best be described as the executable that creates grants_[cpuser].yaml files from existing MySQL grants, as found within the existing mysql.user database?
- dbmaptool
What is the name of the executable responsible for the initial setup of database mapping, as well as any updates that occur between versions in a cPanel & WHM environment?
- setupdbmap
Which of the following SQL queries would be the most effective in identifying MySQL users that still have pre-4.1 passwords in use?
- SELECT user FROM user WHERE password < 41;
The .frm and db.opt files will appear in database folders when using which of the following MySQL storage engines?
- MyISAM
When looking at the following excerpt from the beginning of a SHOW GRANTS result, what does the term USAGE ON indicate on the *.* value that follows?
GRANT USAGE ON *.*
- That no privileges are given.
In a cPanel & WHM environment, the /var/cpanel/databases directory contains which of the following?
- The files created and used by cPanel for database mapping.
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following tools can be best described as the executable that reads the grants_cpuser.yaml file, then adds the corresponding grants to MySQL.
- restoregrants
Which of the following is the standard wildcard character used in SQL queries?
- %
Which of the following MySQL/MariaDB-related variables can be controlled via an option found within WHM’s Tweak Setting interface?
- max_allowed_packet
Which of the following describes what is indicated by the use of the virtual_user router during a message’s delivery, as seen in the exim logs?
- The message was delivered to an email account created in the cPanel interface.
How can you prevent cPanel & WHM from performing automated updates on the MySQL® or MariaDB server software?
- By changing the “Allow cPanel to update MySQL®/MariaDB” option, found in Tweak Settings.
Within which of the following locations could you check if you wanted to confirm whether a cPanel & WHM server has “old (pre-4.1) passwords” enabled?
- Manage Database Users interface in WHM.
Which of the following describes one of the important steps that should be taken after restoring a single database from a full cPanel backup, into a new database instance?
- Associate the database and the database user with the cPanel user using the Database Map Tool.
If the MySQL processes are stopped using the kill -9 command, what can you expect to happen?
- The severed writes on the databases will increase risk of database corruption.
Which of the following statements about InnoDB tablespaces are true?
- They can be stored individually within a database folder, or lumped together into the ibdata1 file.
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following files might you find in the /var/cpanel/databases directory?
- dbindex.db.json
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following tools’ purpose can be described as the executable that is responsible for the initial setup of database mapping, as well as any updates that occur between versions?
- setupdbmap
Which of the following pieces of information can you find in both the slow query log and the general query log?
- The user who executed the query.
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following tools is best described as the command-line equivalent of WHM’s Database Map Tool interface?
- dbmaptool
Most of the executables found within the /usr/local/cpanel/bin directory are not intended for standard usage by users, and are not developed to be user-friendly (frequently lacking any kind of help output or formal documentation). These are intended primarily for back-end and automated handling, as opposed to those executables found within the /usr/local/scripts (/scripts) folder.
There is at least one notable exception to this. Which of the following tools found within this path is actually recommended for server administrator use as needed, in certain circumstances?
- dbmaptool
How should you enable the slow query log on a cPanel & WHM server?
- Add “slow_query_log=1” to the mysqld section of the /etc/my.cnf configuration file.
Which of the following statements is not a legitimate SQL statement?
- COPY
Which of the following variables in a cPanel & WHM server’s /etc/my.cnf file are set by default?
- default-storage-engine=MyISAM
In the context of a MySQL database, which of the following can best be described as an attribute used to sort or specify data, sometimes across tables?
- Index
Which of the following best describes the role of the exim -bt command?
- Prints the path that the message will take when Exim attempts delivery to a specified address.
Which of the following commands will remove all messages sent by the spammer@example.tld user within the last 30 minutes?
- exiqgrep -f spammer@example.tld -y 1800 -i | xargs exim -Mrm
Which of the following describes the primary role of the exim -Mvb command?
- Prints the message body when given the Exim ID.
Which of the following exim commands would provide you with the same functionality found within WHM’s Mail Troubleshooter interface?
- exim -bt
Which of the following can be discerned from the Exim log entry shown below?
1YO6VR-00081w-7C => test test@cpanel.net R=virtual_user T=virtual_userdelivery
- The message was delivered.
Which of the following Actions in a cPanel email filter will result in an incoming message being rejected without sending any notifications?
- Discard Message
A particular type of email filter is stored in the /etc/vfilters/ directory. Which of the following types of filters are these?
- Account-level email filters.
Of the following mailbox formats, which of these are supported for use in cPanel & WHM environments?
- MailDir
The highlighted part of the message below indicates which of the following values?
2015-02-18 09:25:42 1Y06VR-0000Iw-7C= test@cptest.test H=localhost ([10.5.2.154]) [::1]:38793 P=esmtpa A=dovecot_login:test@cptest.test S=724 id=afc7s4294172a42cd5ce527636d7b74c.squrrel@10.6.2.152 T=”test discard filter” for filters@cptest.test
- The Exim ID
What is the role of the -y flag when used with the exiqgrep utility?
- Messages older than the number of seconds given.
In an Exim log entry, the cwd value indicates which of the following?
- The user executing the command.
Which of the following values are provided in the output of the exim -bp command?
- Exim ID
What is the role of the -f flag when used with the exiqgrep utility?
- Select messages by sender address.
Which of the following can be discerned from the Exim log entry shown below?
1YO6bD-000871-1j => /dev/null R=virtual_user_filter T=**bypassed**
- The message was deleted
Which of the following can be discerned from the Exim log entry shown below?
1YO6VR-00081w-7C => test <test@cpanel.net> R=virtual_user T=virtual_userdelivery
- The message was delivered.
Which of the following Exim log entries would indicate that mail was deleted due to a filter?
- 1YO6bD-000871-1j => /dev/null <test@cptest.test> R=virtual_user_filter T=**bypassed**
Which of the following best describes the role of the exim -Mrm command?
- Deletes the message based on a given the Exim ID.
Given the following options, which one would be descriptive of behavior most likely to indicate that a spam problem is occurring?
- A large number of failed messages reported.
Which of the following best describes the role of the exim -bpc command?
- Prints the number of messages in the mail queue.
Which of the following terms can best be described as an input stream where data is sent to and read by a program?
- STDIN
Which of the following best describes the difference between a process and a thread?
- Processes can contain multiple threads, and the threads contained in the process share its resources.
Which of the following terms can be described as a special text string syntax used for describing a search pattern?
- Regular Expression
When an EasyApache 4 profile is uploaded through the WHM interface, where within the file system is it stored?
- /var/cpanel/ea4/uploads/custom
In a cPanel & WHM environment, within which of the following parent directories would you find a subdirectory that includes EasyApache’s templates and userdata information, stored by cPanel?
- /var/cpanel/
In a cPanel & WHM environment, within which of the following paths would you be able to find the Apache modules stored?
- /usr/local/cpanel/apache2/modules/
In a cPanel & WHM environment, if you select PHP 5.6 as the default PHP version, then from which of the following paths will the php.ini file be loaded?
- /opt/cpanel/ea-php56/root/etc/php.ini
Which of the following applications can be described as a program used during service checks to ensure that spamd is operational?
- spamc
Which of the following terms is used, particularly in spam-training applications, to describe the opposite of spam, meaning legitimate, solicited messages that are not considered spam?
- Ham
Assume the host environment is a default cPanel & WHM installation. Based on the log entry shown below, identify – from the options available – which log file that this entry would be found in:
spam acl condition: error reading from spamd socket: Connection timed out
- NOT /var/log/maillog
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following options describes a method you can use to change Apache’s MPM from the command-line?
- This change should only be performed through the WHM interface so that the appropriate, automated actions can take place for a safe transition.
Which of the following components can be described as a specific SAPI that provides functionality in a module that behaves as if it had been compiled into Apache itself, handling appropriate requests without producing new, non-Apache processes?
- DSO
Referencing the Apache error log entry shown below, which of the following options best describes the yellow-highlighted portion of the log entry?
[Fri Sep 09 10:42:29.902022 2011] [core:error] [pid 35708:tid 4328636416] [client 72.15.99.187] File does not exist: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/favicon.ico
- The inbound IP address of the node that requested the item that caused the error message.
When referencing the Apache error log, what does the highlighted portion of this log entry represent?[Fri Sep 09 10:42:29.902022 2011] [core:error] [pid 35708:tid 4328636416] [client 72.15.99.187] File does not exist: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/favicon.ico
- The Apache process ID of the process that triggered the error.
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following paths contain each installed version’s PHP configuration files (php.ini), used by MultiPHP? (“##” representing the PHP version, in the options below)
- /opt/cpanel/ea-php##
How does the scl command know which version of PHP it should use?
- You provide the PHP version as a command-line argument.
Which of the following items can be described as any of the three things listed below?
- A command line program for installing software.
- A file format used to package software.
- The individual packages created in that format.
- RPM
Of the following, which of these options describe information that can be obtained by using the yum info command?
- The list of only the currently installed packages, but not the available ones from the installed repositories.
In a server running cPanel & WHM, how can you create a new EasyApache 4 profile from within the server’s command-line?
- In the file system, make a copy of an existing profile’s file, edit it with any desired changes, then save the new file.
Which of the following options could be described as a repository for PHP extensions?
- pecl
When administering a server running cPanel & WHM, which of the following commands contains the appropriate paths and arguments needed to install an EasyApache 4 profile from the command-line?
- /usr/local/bin/ea_install_profile –install /etc/cpanel/ea4/profiles/cpanel/default.json
Which of the following terms can best be described as the destination where a process can write normal output to, usually being to the terminal, server console (“screen”), unless redirected?
- STDOUT
Which of the following yum commands would remove, or uninstall, the mod_speling RPM?
- yum remove ea-apache24-mod_speling
If a file or directory in a path being served by Apache contains incorrect permissions or uses improper user/group ownership values, which of the following HTTP status codes might you see in the Apache logs if a client were to request one of the affected paths?
- 403
Which of the following options describes the best way for you to enable the experimental repository for EasyApache 4, when operating within a cPanel & WHM environment?
- Perform the following command from the command-line, as root or equivalent: yum install ea4-experimental
Which of the following options indicates the HTTP status code that produces the error shown below?
Unauthorized. A password is needed to see this page. The browser should prompt for a username and password.
- 401
In a server running cPanel & WHM, which of the following options describes a method for changing the system’s default PHP version via the command-line?
- Use the /usr/local/cpanel/bin/rebuild_phpconf command.
Which of the following options indicates the HTTP status code that produces an error like the one shown below?
Forbidden. Access was denied to at least one relevant file.
- 403
Which of the following file names follows the naming convention for a BIND/named zone file?
- domain.net.db
On a cPanel & WHM environment, the system stores DNS zone template files within which of the following paths?
- /var/cpanel/zonetemplates
After you make a number of zone file changes in different zones, if you want to ensure that caching nameservers know to load the new information from your server, which of the following, single procedures can you perform to accomplish this?
- Batch Zone Update
Which of the following is the first nameserver that the resolver queries to determine the address of the TLD nameserver?
- The root nameserver.
Which of the following nameserver applications does not load all of its DNS zones upon startup?
- MyDNS
After a domain is updated at the registrar, where does the registrar then send that domain’s record data?
- To the TLD nameserver.
Which important configuration file would allow you to change important server options, such as enabling debug logging for BIND/named?
- /etc/named.conf
Which of the following is the default path for the BIND/named configuration file?
- /etc/named.conf
In a cPanel & WHM server, which of the following would allow you to select another DNS server application from the command line?
- dnssetup
To force the local system to resolve a domain to a specific IP address, which of the following files would you modify to accomplish this?
- /etc/hosts
If named fails to start due to a configuration error, which of the following commands would be the most helpful for you to run?
- named-checkconf
What does the acronym ACL represent, in the context of a BIND/named configuration (among other contexts)?
- Access Control List
On a server that does not need to facilitate zone transfers, which of the following configuration variables found in the named.conf file should be set to none to disable them?
- allow-transfer
At which of the following stages of BIND/named DNS server operations might you encounter a zone or configuration syntax error?
- During startup.
If you create a customized DNS zone template from the command-line, which of the following would be a correctly-named custom template file name?
- root_templatename
In a BIND/named configuration, you can modify the level of detail that is provided to remote servers regarding which of the following types of information?
- Host application details indicating version and server data regarding your BIND/named installation.
On a cPanel & WHM environment, the system stores the private/public keys for DKIM in which of the following paths?
- /var/cpanel/domain_keys
Which of the following utilities included with BIND/named can be used to troubleshoot malformed zone files?
- named-checkzone
Which of the following utilities can be used to administer a BIND/named server remotely?
- rndc
Which of the following DNS-related command-line utilities would provide you with similar results to those given by the dig utility, and is used for essentially the same purposes?
- nslookup
In a BIND/named configuration file, which of these logging categories encompasses all categories that have not already been explicitly configured to use another channel?
- default
What does the acronym TLD represent, as in for a “TLD nameserver”?
- Top-level Domain
When operating within a cPanel & WHM server, which of the following indicates the best method to restart the DNS server from the command line?
- /scripts/restartsrv_named
To retrieve the IPv6 record of a domain, you would query for which of the following records in a domain?
- AAAA
Which of the following terms is used, particularly in spam-training applications, to describe the opposite of spam, meaning legitimate, solicited messages that are not considered spam?
- Ham
Which of the following applications can be described as a tool used to batch update Bayesian databases?
- sa-learn
Assume the host environment is a default cPanel & WHM installation. Based on the log entry shown below, identify from the options available which log file that this entry would be found in:
Warning: “SpamAssassin as cars detected message as spam (108.6)”
- /var/log/maillog
Which options must you pass to the sa-learn program if you want it to update the Bayesian database with information from a mailbox?
- –spam/–ham
